To determine the prevalence of hypertension among
general public visiting Pondicherry institute of medical sciences, Pondicherry
Abirami. A1, Shalom Sophronia Gideon1,
Malarvi Zhi. S2
1Assistant
Professor, Dept of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry.
2Professor
and Head, Dept. of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry.
*Corresponding Author E-mail:
ABSTRACT:
Life
is not merely to be alive, but to be healthy and wealthy. Every day we hear
about new diseases and get fear and panicked. Despite incredible improvement in
health since 1950, there are still a number of challenges, cardiovascular
disease remains among the leading causes of death of world wide. Hypertension
is very common condition under cardiovascular diseases1. Blood
pressure is a measurement of the force against the wall of the arteries as the
heart pumps blood through your body. The normal level of blood pressure is
120/80 mmHg, where 120 represents the systolic measurement and 80 represents
the diastolic measurement2.
KEYWORDS: Hypertension, General Public,
Knowledge, Blood pressure, Lifestyle.
INTRODUCTION:
Hypertension
is the term used to describe blood pressure above 140/90mmHg.In India overall
incidence of hypertension is estimated to be 66 million and that is in a period
of three to six decades, Prevalence of hypertension has increased by about 30
times among urban dwellers and by about 10 times among the rural inhabitants3.
The prevalence rates of hypertension among urban population are 36.4% and rural
people are 21.2%. A case of prehypertension is equally dangerous to
hypertension. Prehypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure of 120 to
139 or diastolic blood pressure of 80 to 89. I f individuals with
prehypertension are not diagnosed and treated immediately, then they are at
risk of developing hypertension. Individuale who remain undiagnosed and
untreated for prehypertension and hypertension present the greatest challenge
and opportunity for health care provider4.
STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM:
To
determine the prevalence of hypertension among general public visiting
Pondicherry institute of medical sciences, Pondicherry.
OBJECTIVES
OF THE STUDY:
1.
To determine the prevalence of
hypertension among general public visiting Pondicherry institute of medical
sciences using JNC-IV criteria.
2.
To identify the socio demographic
and the clinical factors influencing hypertension.
METHOD
OF DATA COLLECTION:
The
design adopted for the study was cross sectional study design. The study was
conducted on the world health hypertensive day, small gathering was made in
front of the MRD department, in OPD block, a programme was conducted and general
public was invited to participate in the research study to measure the blood
pressure and enclose their lifestyle practices with the investigators.
The
samples were made to take a comfortable seat and data was collected and blood
pressure was measured
using
sphygmomanometer. The samples identified to have hypertension or borderline
were health educated on measures to control hypertension and lead a healthy
life.
The
data was collected by using check list for assessing the risk factors of
hypertension, identifying the risk factors and health educating them for life
style modification. They were selected by using non- probability convenience sampling technique, 100 samples
were selected from the people visiting Pondicherry institute of medical sciences5.
RESULTS:
The
finding of the study shows that the majority of the patients 45(45%) belongs to
the age group of 35 yrs or less, 47 (47%) belongs to the age group of 36-59yrs.
8 (8%) belongs to the age group of more than 60 years. With regard to gender 51
(51%) of them were male. 49(49%) of them were females.
With
regards the prevalence of hypertension was 9% in the general public visiting
PIMS, Puducherry, 8.1%systolic hypertension and 1%of diastolic hypertension.
The prevalence of hypertension was 8.9% in 35 years and less age group,8.5% in
36-59 years of age group, and 12.5%in the age group of >_ 60 years. The
gender specific prevalence of hypertension was 9.8%and 8.2% among males and females,
respectively. The observed differences were not statistically significant.
Figure 1: Frequency of family history of Hypertension
Figure 3: Frequency of taking Spicy food
Figure 4: Frequency of taking Salty food
Figure 5: Frequency of taking Fiber rich food
Figure 6: Frequency of taking Milk and Milk product
Figure 2: Frequency of taking Non vegetarian food
Figure 7: Frequency of Eating Bakery items
Figure 8: Frequency of doing walking
Figure 9: Frequency of doing Exercise
CONCLUSION:
The
study was done to determine the prevalence of hypertension among general public.
Among 100 participants 27% of the population has family history of
Hypertension,74% of the peoples were taken non vegetarian some times,26% of the
people taking no vegetarian always. The prevalence of hypertension was
9%
in the general public visiting PIMS, Puducherry, 8.1%systolic hypertension and
1% of diastolic hypertension.
REFERENCES:
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Smeltzer S, Bare B, Hinkle J,
Cheever K. Brunner and Suddarth, s Text book of medical surgical nursing.11 th
edition. New Delhi: Lippincott Williams and wilkins:2009 p.855-57.
2.
Yuvaraj By. Gowda NMR, Umakantha
AG. prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in rural area
of Davanagre.Indian J community medicine 2010 ,138- 41.
3.
Gupta R. Trends in hypertension
epidemiology in india. Journal of human hypertension2004:18, 73-78.doi; 101038/sj.jhh.1001633.
4.
Das SK, Sanyal K, Babu.A, Study of
urban community survey in india: growing trend of high prevalence of
hypertension in a developing country. Int J Med SCI 2005;2(2):70-8.
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Suresh K Sharma, (2012) The nursing
research and statistics,1 st edition, Elsevier Publication page no 95-99
Received on 29.05.2021 Modified
on 23.06.2021
Accepted on 11.07.2021 ŠA&V Publications All right reserved
Int. J. of Advances
in Nur. Management. 2021; 9(4):364-366.
DOI:
10.52711/2454-2652.2021.00083